BMW S85 Engine: Overview
The BMW S85 engine is a naturally aspirated V10 engine that was produced by BMW from 2005 to 2010. It was used in the E60, E61, and E63 BMW M5 and M6 models. The S85 engine is known for its high-revving nature, exhilarating exhaust note, and impressive performance.
Engine Design and Architecture
The S85 engine is a 90-degree V10 engine with a displacement of 4.9 liters. It features a lightweight aluminum block and heads, and a forged steel crankshaft. The engine is equipped with variable valve timing (VANOS) on both the intake and exhaust camshafts, and a variable intake manifold. The S85 engine is rated at 500 horsepower and 383 lb-ft of torque.
Cylinder Head and Valvetrain
The S85 engine features a four-valve-per-cylinder design with dual overhead camshafts. The cylinder heads are made of aluminum and feature optimized port shapes and sizes for improved airflow. The valves are actuated by hydraulic lifters, which provide precise valve control and reduce maintenance requirements.
Intake and Exhaust Systems
The S85 engine is equipped with a variable intake manifold that adjusts the length of the intake runners to optimize airflow at different engine speeds. The intake manifold is made of lightweight plastic and features a single throttle body.
The exhaust system of the S85 engine is designed to minimize backpressure and improve exhaust flow. The exhaust manifolds are made of stainless steel and feature a 4-into-1 design. The exhaust system terminates with a quad-outlet exhaust system with resonators and mufflers to reduce noise levels.
Cooling System
The S85 engine is equipped with a sophisticated cooling system to maintain optimal operating temperatures. The cooling system includes a dual-pass radiator, an electric water pump, and a thermostat. The cooling system is designed to provide adequate cooling even under demanding driving conditions.
Lubrication System
The S85 engine is equipped with a wet-sump lubrication system that uses a high-performance oil pump to circulate oil throughout the engine. The oil pump is driven by the engine’s crankshaft and provides sufficient oil pressure to all critical engine components.
Air Intake and Fuel Injection
The S85 engine is equipped with a cold air intake system that draws air from the front of the vehicle and routes it through a high-flow air filter. The air intake system is designed to minimize restriction and improve airflow into the engine.
The S85 engine uses a multi-point fuel injection system with individual injectors for each cylinder. The fuel injectors are controlled by the engine’s electronic control unit (ECU) and deliver fuel directly into the intake ports.
Engine Electronics and Controls
The S85 engine is controlled by a sophisticated electronic control unit (ECU) that monitors and adjusts various engine parameters, including fuel injection, ignition timing, and valve timing. The ECU also communicates with other vehicle systems, such as the transmission and traction control, to optimize performance and efficiency.
Conclusion
The BMW S85 engine is a remarkable piece of engineering that delivers exceptional performance and exhilarating driving experience. Its high-revving nature, intoxicating exhaust note, and impressive power output make it one of the most sought-after engines in the automotive world. Whether you’re a performance enthusiast or a BMW aficionado, the S85 engine is sure to leave a lasting impression.
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